Updating+and+Configuring+Linux

=Updating and Configuring Linux=

Once the computer reboots, you will be greeted with a simple login prompt. In these steps, we are going to enable the root account, setup SSH remote access to the server, update the operating system and install some needed components for the installation of Moodle. Again, [|HowToForge] has provided the basis of a great walkthrough that I will tweak here for our needs.

After the reboot you can login with your previously created username (e.g. admin). Because we must run all the steps from this tutorial as root user, we must enable the root account now. Enter the following command: code format="dos" sudo passwd root code and give root a password. Afterwards we become root by running: code format="dos" su code
 * 1. Enable the root account**

Ubuntu does not install OpenSSH by default, therefore we do it now. Enter the following command: code format="dos" apt-get install ssh openssh-server code You will be prompted to insert the installation CD again. The command [|apt-get] will be used again to install other packages needed to complete our installation.
 * 2. Install the SSH Server**

Edit ///etc/apt/sources.list//. Comment out (by adding a //#// at the start of a line of code) the CD and enable some of the other repositories. We will use the editor [|pico] to make these changes: code format="dos" pico /etc/apt/sources.list code Your sources.list file will look something like this: code format="dos"
 * 3. Edit /etc/apt/sources.list And Update Your Linux Installation**
 * 1) deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 6.06.1 _Dapper Drake_ - Release powerpc (20060807.1)]/ dapper main restricted
 * 1) deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 6.06.1 _Dapper Drake_ - Release powerpc (20060807.1)]/ dapper main restricted


 * 1) deb cdrom:[Ubuntu-Server 6.06.1 _Dapper Drake_ - Release powerpc (20060807.1)]/ dapper main restricted

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted
 * 1) Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
 * 2) distribution.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper universe
 * 1) Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'
 * 2) repository.
 * 3) N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
 * 4) team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
 * 5) your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
 * 6) universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security
 * 7) team.

deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 * 1) Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports'
 * 2) repository.
 * 3) N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
 * 4) extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
 * 5) newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
 * 6) Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
 * 7) or updates from the Ubuntu security team.

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security universe deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security universe code

The first command will update the available components that can be downloaded by this server. code apt-get update code
 * 4. Update Available Components**

5. Additional Dependencies You will need to use apt-get to install additional packages to your server to help secure future installations.

code format="dos" apt-get install perl php5-xmlrpc libnet-ssleay-perl openssl libauthen-pam-perl libpam-runtime libio-pty-perl libmd5-perl php5-gd php5-curl unzip code

Now we need to update and upgrade our server since there always seems to be updates and new packages that make our server run more efficiently (or at least we hope so). These three commands may take some time to complete depending on download speeds. The update commands will pull a list of available updates for your machine (you won't see the list, but your server will become aware of what is available to download). code format="dos" apt-get dist-upgrade apt-get upgrade code
 * 6. Upgrade Components**

Now that the system has been updated and upgraded, it is a good idea to restart by issuing the following command: code shutdown -r now code
 * 7. Restart the Server**

We are now ready to move on and install a web interface for our server called Webmin which will allow us to better remotely manage the server without having to SSH into the server or run a full blown GUI. The next section is called "Downloading and Installing Webmin."